Appointments of the Justices

Supreme Court Nominations

Presidential Appointments

Judicial Experience

Supreme Court Nominations

Note: The nomination dates reflect the lived experience of the justices. They are tied to the date when each justice was informed he or she was nominated, not necessarily the date the president sent the commission to the Senate.

The Constitution requires the president to submit nominations to the Senate for its advice and consent. Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, presidents have submitted 163 nominations for the Court, including those for chief justice. Of this total, 126 were confirmed (7 declined to serve). This chart lists nominations officially submitted to the Senate.

Chief Justices

Name	State Appointed From	Appointed by President	To Replace	Date Nominated	Date Senate Confirmed	Judicial Oath Taken	Date Service Terminated	Years of Service*
Jay	NY	Washington	New Seat	9/24/1789	9/26/1789	10/19/1789	6/29/1795	6
Rutledge, J.	SC	Washington	Jay	7/1/1795 ^†	12/15/1795 Rej.	8/12/1795	12/15/1795	1
Ellsworth	CT	Washington	Rutledge	3/3/1796	3/4/1796	3/8/1796	12/15/1800	4
Marshall, J.	VA	Adams, J.	Ellsworth	1/20/1801	1/27/1801	2/4/1801	7/6/1835	34
Taney	MD	Jackson	Marshall, J.	12/28/1835	3/15/1836	3/28/1836	10/12/1864	28
Chase, S.P.	OH	Lincoln	Taney	12/6/1864	12/6/1864	12/15/1864	5/7/1873	8
Waite	OH	Grant	Chase, S.P.	1/19/1874	1/21/1874	3/4/1874	3/23/1888	14
Fuller	IL	Cleveland	Waite	4/30/1888	7/20/1888	10/8/1888	7/4/1910	22
White, E.	LA	Taft	Fuller	12/12/1910	12/12/1910	12/19/1910	5/19/1921	10
Taft	CT	Harding	White, E.	6/30/1921	6/30/1921	7/11/1921	2/3/1930	8
Hughes	NY	Hoover	Taft	2/3/1930	3/13/1930	2/24/1930	5/30/1941	11
Stone	NY	Roosevelt, F.	Hughes	6/12/1941	6/27/1941	7/3/1941	4/22/1946	5
Vinson	KY	Truman	Stone	6/6/1946	6/20/1946	6/24/1946	9/8/1953	7
Warren	CA	Eisenhower	Vinson	9/30/1953^†	3/1/1954	10/5/1953	6/23/1969	15
Burger	VA	Nixon	Warren	5/21/1969	6/9/1969	6/23/1969	9/26/1986	17
Rehnquist	VA	Reagan	Burger	6/20/1986	9/17/1986	9/26/1986	9/3/2005	18
Roberts	MD	Bush, G.W.	Rehnquist	9/6/2005	9/29/2005	9/29/2005

Associate Justices

Name	State Appointed From	Appointed by President	To Replace	Date Nominated	Date Senate Confirmed	Judicial Oath Taken	Date Service Terminated	Years of Service*
Cushing	MA	Washington	New Seat	9/24/1789	9/26/1789	2/2/1790	9/13/1810	21
Rutledge, J.	SC	Washington	New Seat	9/24/1789	9/26/1789	2/15/1790	3/5/1791	1
Wilson	PA	Washington	New Seat	9/24/1789	9/26/1789	10/5/1789	8/21/1798	9
Blair	VA	Washington	New Seat	9/24/1789	9/26/1789	2/2/1790	1/27/1796	6
Iredell	NC	Washington	New Seat	2/8/1790	2/10/1790	5/12/1790	10/20/1799	9
Johnson, T.	MD	Washington	Rutledge, J.	8/5/1791	11/7/1791^†	9/19/1791	1/16/1793	1
Paterson	NJ	Washington	Johnson, T.	3/4/1793	3/4/1793	3/11/1793	9/9/1806	13
Chase, S.	MD	Washington	Blair	1/26/1796	1/27/1796	2/4/1796	6/19/1811	15
Washington	VA	Adams, J.	Wilson	12/19/1798^†	12/20/1798	11/9/1798	11/26/1829	31
Moore	NC	Adams, J.	Iredell	12/4/1799	12/10/1799	4/21/1800	1/26/1804	4
Johnson, W.	SC	Jefferson	Moore	3/22/1804	3/24/1804	5/7/1804	8/4/1834	30
Livingston	NY	Jefferson	Paterson	12/13/1806	12/17/1806	1/20/1807	2/17/1826	16
Todd	KY	Jefferson	New Seat	2/28/1807	3/2/1807	5/4/1807	2/7/1826	19
Duvall	MD	Madison	Chase, S.	11/15/1811	11/18/1811	11/23/1811	1/14/1835	23
Story	MD	Madison	Cushing	11/15/1811	11/18/1811	2/3/1812	9/10/1845	34
Thompson	NY	Monroe	Livingston	12/5/1823^†	12/9/1823	9/1/1823	12/18/1843	20
Trimble	KY	Adams, J.Q.	Todd	4/11/1826	5/9/1826	6/16/1826	8/25/1828	2
McLean	OH	Jackson	Trimble	3/6/1829	3/7/1829	3/12/1829	4/4/1861	32
Baldwin	PA	Jackson	Washington	1/4/1830	1/6/1830	1/18/1830	4/21/1844	14
Wayne	GA	Jackson	Johnson, W.	1/6/1835	1/9/1835	1/14/1835	7/5/1867	32
Barbour	VA	Jackson	Duvall	12/28/1835	3/15/1836	5/12/1836	2/25/1841	5
Catron	TN	Van Buren	New Seat	3/3/1837	3/8/1837	5/1/1837	5/30/1865	28
McKinley	AK	Van Buren	New Seat	9/18/1837	9/25/1837	1/9/1838	7/19/1852	15
Daniel	VA	Van Buren	Barbour	2/26/1841	3/2/1841	1/10/1842	5/31/1860	19
Nelson	NY	Tyler	Thompson	2/4/1845	2/14/1845	2/27/1845	11/28/1872	27
Woodbury	NH	Polk	Story	12/23/1845^†	1/3/1846	9/23/1845	9/4/1851	5
Grier	PA	Polk	Baldwin	3/3/1846	8/4/1846	8/10/1846	1/31/1870	23
Curtis	MA	Fillmore	Woodbury	12/11/1851	12/20/1851	10/10/1851	9/30/1857	5
Campbell	AL	Pierce	McKinley	3/21/1853	3/22/1853	4/11/1853	4/30/1861	8
Clifford	ME	Buchanan	Curtis	12/9/1857	1/12/1858	10/10/1858	7/25/1881	23
Swayne	OH	Lincoln	McLean	1/21/1862	1/24/1862	1/27/1862	1/24/1881	19
Miller	IA	Lincoln	Daniel	7/16/1862	7/21/1862	7/21/1862	10/13/1890	28
Davis	IL	Lincoln	Campbell	12/1/1862^†	12/8/1862	12/10/1862	3/4/1877	14
Field	CA	Lincoln	New Seat	3/6/1863	3/10/1863	5/20/1863	12/1/1897	34
Bradley	NJ	Grant	New Seat	2/7/1870	3/21/1870	3/23/1870	1/22/1892	21
Strong	PA	Grant	Grier	2/7/1870	3/21/1870	3/23/1870	12/14/1880	10
Hunt	NY	Grant	Nelson	12/31/1872	12/11/1872	1/9/1873	1/27/1882	9
Harlan (I)	KY	Hayes	Davis	10/16/1877	11/29/1877	12/10/1877	10/14/1911	34
Woods	GA	Hayes	Strong	12/15/1880	12/21/1880	1/5/1881	5/14/1887	6
Matthews	OH	Garfield	Swayne	3/14/1881	5/12/1881	5/17/1881	2/22/1889	7
Gray	MA	Arthur	Clifford	12/19/1881	12/20/1881	1/9/1882	9/15/1902	20
Blatchford	NY	Arthur	Hunt	3/13/1882	3/22/1882	4/3/1882	7/7/1893	11
Lamar, L.	MS	Cleveland	Woods	12/6/1888	1/16/1888	1/18/1888	1/23/1893	5
Brewer	KS	Harrison, B.	Matthews	12/4/1889	12/18/1889	1/6/1890	3/28/1910	20
Brown	MI	Harrison, B.	Miller	12/23/1890	12/29/1890	1/5/1891	5/28/1906	15
Shiras	PA	Harrison, B.	Bradley	7/19/1892	7/26/1982	10/10/1892	2/23/1903	10
Jackson, H.	TN	Harrison, B.	Lamar, L.	2/2/1893	2/18/1893	3/4/1893	8/8/1895	2
White, E.	LA	Cleveland	Blatchford	2/19/1894	2/19/1894	3/12/1894	12/18/1910*	17
Peckham	NY	Cleveland	Jackson, H.	12/3/1895	12/8/1895	1/6/1896	10/24/1909	13
McKenna	CA	McKinley	Field	12/16/1897	1/21/1898	1/26/1898	1/5/1925	26
Holmes	MA	Roosevelt, T.	Gray	12/2/1902	12/4/1902	12/8/1902	1/12/1932	29
Day	OH	Roosevelt, T.	Shiras	1/29/1903	2/23/1903	3/2/1903	11/13/1922	19
Moody	MA	Roosevelt, T.	Brown	12/3/1906	12/12/1906	12/17/1906	11/20/1910	3
Lurton	TN	Taft	Peckham	12/13/1909	12/20/1909	1/2/1910	7/12/1914	4
Hughes	NY	Taft	Brewer	4/25/1910	5/2/1910	10/10/1910	6/10/1916	6
Van Devanter	WY	Taft	White, E.	12/12/1910	12/15/1910	1/3/1911	6/21/1937	26
Lamar, J.	GA	Taft	Moody	12/12/1910	12/15/1910	1/3/1911	1/2/1916	5
Pitney	NJ	Taft	Harlan (I)	2/19/1912	3/13/1912	3/18/1912	12/31/1922	10
McReynolds	TN	Wilson	Lurton	8/19/1914	8/29/1914	10/12/1914	1/31/1941	26
Brandeis	MA	Wilson	Lamar, J.	1/28/1916	6/1/1916	6/5/1916	2/13/1939	22
Clarke	OH	Wilson	Hughes	7/14/1916	7/24/1916	10/9/1916	9/18/1922	6
Sutherland	UT	Harding	Clarke	9/5/1922	9/5/1922	10/2/1922	1/17/1938	15
Butler	MN	Harding	Day	11/23/1922	12/21/1922	1/2/1923	11/16/1939	17
Sanford	TN	Harding	Pitney	1/24/1923	1/29/1923	2/19/1923	3/8/1930	7
Stone	NY	Coolidge	McKenna	1/5/1925	2/5/1925	3/2/1925	7/2/1941*	16
Roberts	PA	Hoover	Sanford	5/9/1930	5/20/1930	6/2/1930	7/31/1945	15
Cardozo	NY	Hoover	Holmes	2/15/1932	2/24/1932	3/14/1932	7/9/1938	6
Black	AL	Roosevelt, F.	Van Devanter	8/12/1937	8/17/1937	8/19/1937	9/17/1971	34
Reed	KY	Roosevelt, F.	Sutherland	1/15/1938	1/25/1938	1/31/1938	2/25/1957	19
Frankfurter	MA	Roosevelt, F.	Cardozo	1/5/1939	1/17/1939	1/30/1939	8/28/1962	23
Douglas	CT	Roosevelt, F.	Brandeis	3/20/1939	4/4/1939	4/17/1939	11/12/1975	36
Murphy	MI	Roosevelt, F.	Butler	1/4/1940	1/16/1940	2/5/1940	7/19/1949	9
Byrnes	SC	Roosevelt, F.	McReynolds	6/12/1941	6/12/1941	7/8/1941	10/3/1942	1
Jackson, R.	NY	Roosevelt, F.	Stone	6/12/1941	7/7/1941	7/11/1941	10/9/1954	13
Rutledge, W.	IA	Roosevelt, F.	Byrnes	1/11/1943	2/8/1943	2/15/1943	9/10/1949	6
Burton	OH	Truman	Roberts	9/17/1945	9/19/1945	10/1/1945	10/13/1958	13
Clark	TX	Truman	Murphy	8/18/1949	8/18/1949	8/24/1949	6/12/1967	18
Minton	IN	Truman	Rutledge, W.	9/15/1949	10/4/1949	10/12/1949	10/15/1956	7
Harlan (II)	NY	Eisenhower	Jackson, R.	1/10/1955	3/16/1955	3/28/1955	9/23/1971	16
Brennan	NJ	Eisenhower	Minton	10/15/1956^†	3/19/1957	10/16/1956	7/20/1990	34
Whittaker	MO	Eisenhower	Reed	3/2/1957	3/19/1957	3/25/1957	3/31/1962	5
Stewart	OH	Eisenhower	Burton	10/14/1958^†	5/5/1959	10/14/1958	7/3/1981	22
White, B.	CO	Kennedy	Whittaker	3/30/1962	4/11/1962	4/16/1962	3/19/1993	30
Goldberg	IL	Kennedy	Frankfurter	8/29/1962	9/25/1962	10/1/1962	7/25/1965	3
Fortas	TN	Johnson, L.	Goldberg	7/28/1965	8/11/1965	10/4/1965	5/14/1969	4
Marshall, T.	NY	Johnson, L.	Clark	6/13/1967	8/30/1967	10/2/1967	6/27/1991	24
Blackmun	MN	Nixon	Fortas	4/14/1970	5/12/1970	6/9/1970	7/29/1994	24
Powell, Jr.	VA	Nixon	Black	10/22/1971	12/6/1971	1/6/1972	6/26/1987	15
Rehnquist	AZ	Nixon	Harlan (II)	10/21/1971	12/10/1971	1/6/1972	6/26/1987*	15
Stevens	IL	Ford	Douglas	11/28/1975	12/17/1975	12/19/1975	7/29/2010	35
O’Connor	AZ	Reagan	Stewart	8/19/1981	9/21/1981	9/26/1981	1/31/2006	24
Scalia	VA	Reagan	Rehnquist	6/17/1986	9/17/1986	9/26/1986	2/13/2016	30
Kennedy	CA	Reagan	Powell	11/30/1987	2/3/1988	2/18/1988	7/31/2018	30
Souter	NH	Bush, G.H.W.	Brennan	7/23/1990	10/2/1990	10/9/1990	6/29/2009	19
Thomas	VA	Bush, G.H.W.	Marshall, T.	7/1/1991	10/15/1991	10/23/1991
Ginsburg	NY	Clinton	White, B.	6/14/1993	8/3/1993	8/10/1993	9/18/2020	27
Breyer	MA	Clinton	Blackmun	5/13/1994	7/29/1994	8/3/1994	6/30/2022	28
Alito	NJ	Bush, G.W.	O’Connor	11/10/2005	1/31/2006	1/31/2006
Sotomayor	NY	Obama	Souter	6/21/2009	8/6/2009	8/8/2009
Kagan	MA	Obama	Stevens	5/10/2010	8/5/2010	8/7/2010
Gorsuch	CO	Trump	Scalia	1/31/2017	4/7/2017	4/10/2017
Kavanaugh	MD	Trump	Kennedy	7/9/2018	10/6/2018	10/6/2018
Barrett	IN	Trump	Ginsburg	9/26/2020	10/26/2020	10/27/2020
Jackson, K.	DC	Biden	Breyer	2/25/2022	4/7/2022	6/30/2022

† = Recess Appointment
* = Elevated

Presidential Appointments

Presidential Appointments of Supreme Court Justices

President	Dates in Office	Appointments
George Washington	1789-1797	10
John Adams	1797-1801	3
Thomas Jefferson	1801-1809	3
James Madison	1809-1817	2
James Monroe	1817-1825	1
John Quincy Adams	1825-1829	1
Andrew Jackson	1829-1837	6
Martin Van Buren	1837-1841	2
William Henry Harrison	1841	0
John Tyler	1841-1845	1
James K. Polk	1845-1849	2
Zachary Taylor	1849-1850	0
Millard Fillmore	1850-1853	1
Franklin Pierce	1853-1857	1
James Buchanan	1857-1861	1
Abraham Lincoln	1861-1865	5
Andrew Johnson	1865-1869	0
Ulysses S. Grant	1869-1877	4
Rutherford B. Hayes	1877-1881	2
James Garfield	1881	1
Chester Arthur	1881-1885	2
Grover Cleveland	1885-1889	2
Benjamin Harrison	1889-1893	4
Grover Cleveland	1893-1897	2
William McKinley	1897-1901	1
Theodore Roosevelt	1901-1909	3
William Howard Taft	1909-1913	6
Woodrow Wilson	1913-1921	3
Warren G. Harding	1921-1923	4
Calvin Coolidge	1923-1929	1
Herbert Hoover	1929-1933	3
Franklin D. Roosevelt	1933-1945	9
Harry S. Truman	1945-1953	4
Dwight D. Eisenhower	1953-1961	5
John F. Kennedy	1961-1963	2
Lyndon B. Johnson	1963-1969	2
Richard M. Nixon	1969-1974	4
Gerald R. Ford	1974-1977	1
James E. Carter	1977-1981	0
Ronald W. Reagan	1981-1989	4
George H. W. Bush	1989-1993	2
William J. Clinton	1993-2001	2
Geroge W. Bush	2001-2009	2
Barack H. Obama	2009-2017	2
Donald J. Trump	2017-2021	3
Joseph R. Biden	2021-	1
		120

* Though there have been 120 successful appointments, only 116 persons have served on the Court. Four persons–Edward Douglass White, Charles Evans Hughes, Harlan Fiske Stone, and William H. Rehnquist–were associate justices who later became chief justices. Also, John Rutledge, who had served as an associate justice for one year in the early 1790s, was nominated to the chief justiceship by George Washington in 1795. He served as chief justice for four months during a Senate recess, but his nomination was ultmately rejected by the Senate. As such, Rutledge is not included on this list.

Judicial Experience

Justices of the Supreme Court

Chief Justice	State	Year	President	Prior Judicial Experience			On Supreme Court
Chief Justice	State	Year	President	Federal	State	Total	Dates	Years
John Jay	NY	1789	Washington	0	2	2	1789-1795	6
John Rutledge	SC	1795	Washington	0	6	6	1795-1795	4 mos.
Oliver Ellsworth	CT	1796	Washington	0	8	8	1796-1800	4
John Marshall	VA	1801	J. Adams	0	3	3	1801-1835	34
Roger Taney	MD	1836	Jackson	0	0	0	1836-1864	28
Salmon Chase	OH	1864	Lincoln	0	0	0	1864-1873	8
Morrison Waite	OH	1874	Grant	0	0	0	1874-1888	14
Melville Fuller	IL	1888	Cleveland	0	0	0	1888-1910	22
Edward Douglass White	LA	1910	Taft	17	2	19	1910-1921	10
William Howard Taft	CT	1921	Harding	8	5	13	1921-1930	8
Charles Evans Hughes	NY	1930	Hoover	6	0	6	1930-1941	11
Harlan Fiske Stone	NY	1941	F. Roosevelt	16	0	16	1941-1946	5
Fred Vinson	KY	1946	Truman	5	0	5	1946-1953	7
Earl Warren	CA	1953	Eisenhower	0	0	0	1953-1969	15
Warren Burger	VA	1969	Nixon	13	0	13	1969-1986	17
William Rehnquist	VA	1986	Reagan	15	0	15	1986-2005	19
John Roberts	MD	2005	G. Bush	2	0	2	2005-

Associate Justice	State	Year	President	Prior Judicial Experience			On Supreme Court
Associate Justice	State	Year	President	Federal	State	Total	Dates	Years
William Cushing	MA	1789	Washington	0	29	29	1790-1810	21
John Rutledge	SC	1789	Washington	0	6	6	1790-1791	1
James Wilson	PA	1789	Washington	0	0	0	1789-1798	9
John Blair	VA	1789	Washington	0	11	11	1790-1796	6
James Iredell	NC	1790	Washington	0	1	1	1790-1799	9
Thomas Johnson	MD	1791	Washington	0	2	2	1791-1793	1
William Patterson	NJ	1793	Washington	0	0	0	1793-1806	13
Samuel Chase	MD	1796	Washington	0	8	8	1796-1811	15
Bushrod Washington	VA	1798	J. Adams	0	0	0	1798-1829	31
Alfred Moore	NC	1799	J. Adams	0	1	1	1800-1804	4
William Johnson	SC	1804	Jefferson	0	6	6	1804-1834	30
Henry Livingston	NY	1806	Jefferson	0	0	0	1807-1823	16
Thomas Todd	KY	1807	Jefferson	0	6	6	1807-1826	19
Gabriel Duvall	MD	1811	Madison	0	6	6	1811-1835	23
Joseph Story	MA	1811	Madison	0	0	0	1812-1845	34
Smith Thompson	NY	1823	Monroe	0	16	16	1823-1843	20
Robert Trimble	KY	1826	J. Q. Adams	9	2	11	1826-1828	2
John McLean	OH	1829	Jackson	0	6	6	1829-1861	32
Henry Baldwin	PA	1830	Jackson	0	0	0	1830-1844	14
James Wayne	GA	1835	Jackson	0	5	5	1835-1867	32
Philip Barbour	VA	1836	Jackson	6	2	8	1836-1841	5
John Catron	TN	1837	Jackson	0	10	10	1837-1865	28
John McKinley	AL	1837	Van Buren	0	0	0	1838-1852	15
Peter Daniel	VA	1841	Van Buren	4	0	4	1842-1860	19
Samuel Nelson	NY	1845	Tyler	0	22	22	1845-1872	27
Levi Woodbury	NH	1845	Polk	0	6	6	1845-1851	5
Robert Grier	PA	1846	Polk	0	13	13	1846-1870	23
Benjamin Curtis	MA	1851	Fillmore	0	0	0	1851-1857	5
John Campbell	AL	1853	Pierce	0	0	0	1853-1861	8
Nathan Clifford	ME	1858	Buchanan	0	0	0	1858-1881	23
Noah Swayne	OH	1862	Lincoln	0	0	0	1862-1881	19
Samuel Miller	IA	1862	Lincoln	0	0	0	1862-1890	28
David Davis	IL	1862	Lincoln	0	14	14	1862-1877	14
Stephen Field	CA	1863	Lincoln	0	6	6	1863-1897	34
William Strong	PA	1870	Grant	0	11	11	1870-1880	10
Joseph Bradley	NJ	1872	Grant	0	0	0	1870-1892	21
Ward Hunt	NY	1874	Grant	0	8	8	1873-1882	9
John Marshall Harlan I	KY	1877	Hayes	0	1	1	1877-1911	34
William Woods	GA	1880	Hayes	12	0	12	1881-1887	6
Stanley Matthews	OH	1881	Garfield	0	4	4	1881-1889	7
Horace Gray	MA	1881	Arthur	0	18	18	1882-1902	20
Samuel Blatchford	NY	1882	Arthur	15	0	15	1882-1893	11
Lucious Q. C. Lamar	MS	1888	Cleveland	0	0	0	1888-1893	5
David Brewer	KS	1889	Harrison	5	14	19	1890-1910	20
Henry Brown	MI	1890	Harrison	16	0	16	1891-1906	15
George Shiras	PA	1892	Harrison	0	0	0	1892-1903	10
Howell Jackson	TN	1893	Harrison	7	0	7	1893-1895	2
Edward Douglass White	LA	1894	Cleveland	0	2	2	1894-1910	17
Rufus Peckham	NY	1895	Cleveland	0	9	9	1896-1909	13
Joseph McKenna	CA	1898	McKinley	5	0	5	1898-1925	26
Oliver Wendell Holmes	MA	1902	T. Roosevelt	0	20	20	1902-1932	29
William Day	OH	1903	T. Roosevelt	4	3	7	1903-1922	19
William Moody	MA	1906	T. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1906-1910	3
Horace Lurton	TN	1909	Taft	16	10	26	1910-1914	4
Charles Evans Hughes	NY	1910	Taft	0	0	0	1910-1916	6
Willis Van Devanter	WY	1910	Taft	7	1	8	1911-1937	26
Joseph Lamar	GA	1910	Taft	0	2	2	1911-1916	5
Mahlon Pitney	NJ	1912	Taft	0	11	11	1912-1922	10
James McReynolds	TN	1914	Wilson	0	0	0	1914-1941	26
Louis Brandeis	MA	1916	Wilson	0	0	0	1916-1939	22
John Clarke	OH	1916	Wilson	2	0	2	1916-1922	6
George Sutherland	UT	1922	Harding	0	0	0	1922-1938	15
Pierce Butler	MN	1922	Harding	0	0	0	1923-1939	17
Edward Sanford	TN	1923	Harding	14	0	14	1923-1930	7
Harlan Fiske Stone	NY	1923	Coolidge	0	0	0	1925-1941	16
Owen Roberts	PA	1930	Hoover	0	0	0	1930-1945	15
Benjamin Cardozo	NY	1932	Hoover	0	18	18	1932-1938	6
Hugo Black	AL	1937	F. Roosevelt	0	1	1	1937-1971	34
Stanley Reed	KY	1937	F. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1938-1957	19
Felix Frankfurter	MA	1939	F. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1939-1962	23
William Douglas	CT	1939	F. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1939-1975	36
Frank Murphy	MI	1940	F. Roosevelt	0	7	7	1940-1949	9
James Byrnes	SC	1941	F. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1941-1942	1
Robert Jackson	NY	1941	F. Roosevelt	0	0	0	1941-1954	13
Wiley Rutledge	IA	1943	F. Roosevelt	4	0	4	1943-1949	6
Harold Burton	OH	1945	Truman	0	0	0	1945-1958	13
Thomas Clark	TX	1949	Truman	0	0	0	1949-1967	18
Sherman Minton	IN	1949	Truman	8	0	8	1949-1956	7
John Marshall Harlan II	NY	1955	Eisenhower	1	0	1	1955-1971	16
William Brennan	NJ	1956	Eisenhower	0	7	7	1956-1990	34
Charles Whittaker	MO	1957	Eisenhower	3	0	3	1957-1962	5
Potter Stewart	OH	1958	Eisenhower	4	0	4	1958-1981	22
Bryon White	CO	1962	Kennedy	0	0	0	1962-1993	30
Arthur Goldberg	IL	1962	Kennedy	0	0	0	1962-1965	3
Abe Fortas	TN	1965	Johnson	0	0	0	1965-1969	4
Thurgood Marshall	NY	1967	Johnson	4	0	4	1967-1991	24
Harry Blackmun	MN	1970	Nixon	11	0	11	1970-1994	24
Lewis Powell	VA	1971	Nixon	0	0	0	1972-1987	15
William Rehnquist	AZ	1971	Nixon	0	0	0	1972-1986	15
John Paul Stevens	IL	1975	Ford	5	0	5	1975-2010	35
Sandra Day O’Connor	AZ	1981	Reagan	0	7	7	1981-2006	24
Antonin Scalia	VA	1986	Reagan	4	0	4	1986-2016	30
Anthony Kennedy	CA	1988	Reagan	13	0	13	1988-2018	30
David Souter	NH	1990	G. H. W. Bush	1	12	13	1990-2009	19
Clarence Thomas	GA	1991	G. H. W. Bush	2	0	2	1991-
Ruth Bader Ginsburg	NY	1993	Clinton	13	0	13	1993-2020	27
Stephen Breyer	MA	1994	Clinton	13	0	13	1994-2022	28
Samuel Alito	NJ	2006	G. W. Bush	13	0	13	2006-
Sonia Sotomayor	NY	2009	Obama	18	0	18	2009-
Elena Kagen	MA	2010	Obama	0	0	0	2010-
Neil Gorsuch	CO	2017	Trump	11	0	11	2017-
Brett Kavanaugh	MD	2018	Trump	12	0	12	2018-
Amy Coney Barrett	IN	2020	Trump	3	0	3	2020-
Ketanji Brown Jackson	DC	2022	Biden	9	0	9	2022-

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